INTRODUCTION:

· Hair is a vital part of the human body and requires proper care to remain shiny, smooth, strong, and easy to comb.

· Since ancient times, herbal products have been widely used for cleansing, beautifying, and maintaining healthy hair.

· Nowadays, numerous synthetic shampoos are available in the market. These products primarily contain surfactants to provide cleansing and foaming effects. Over time, synthetic ingredients have gained a significant market share.

· However, people are becoming more aware of the harmful effects these chemicals can have on hair, skin, and eyes. As a result, herbal shampoos, which are derived from natural sources, are being promoted because they are safer, have minimal side effects, and are increasingly in demand by consumers¹.

· Hair care products also nourish the hair and help in maintaining a healthy appearance.

· The public's understanding of the negative impacts of synthetic products has led to a noticeable preference for herbal options.

· People now favor herbal products for hair, skin, and eye care because they are generally free from harmful side effects².

Herbal Shampoo:

Herbal shampoos are cosmetic preparations that have been used since ancient times to cleanse the hair and scalp, beautify the hair, and manage it. They are made with traditional ayurvedic herbs. In addition to being used for cleaning, herbal shampoos are also utilized to give hair a glossy finish and keep it manageable³.

Ideal Properties of Herbal Shampoo²:

· Shampoo should efficiently eliminate dust, dirt, and excess sebum from the Scalp and hair

· It must cleanse the hair thoroughly.

· The formulation should rinse off easily with water without leaving any residue.

· After use, hair should remain soft, shiny, smooth, and manageable.

· It should be gentle on the hands without causing roughness.

· The product must be safe, free from adverse effects, and non-irritating to the Skin and eyes.

· It should spread and distribute uniformly over the scalp and hair.

· The shampoo must generate a rich, stable, and luxurious foam.

· Only a small amount should be sufficient for effective cleaning.

· It should facilitate easy combing of wet hair.

· The formulation should not cause dryness or chapping of the hands.

Types of herbal shampoo⁴:

· Powder Shampoo

· Liquid Shampoo

· Lotion Shampoo

· Cream Shampoo

· Jelly Shampoo

· Aerosol Shampoo

· Specialized Shampoo

· Conditioning Shampoo

· Anti‐dandruff Shampoo

· Baby Shampoo

· Two Layer Shampoo

Table 1: Difference between Herbal Liquid Shampoo and Powder Shampoo³

Herbal Liquid Shampoo	Herbal Powder Shampoo
1. Liquids are easily contaminated.	1. Being a powder, it has a lower risk of becoming contaminated.
2. It has a shorter shelf life.	2. It has a longer shelf life.
3. It might cause skin irritation and discomfort.	3. It is simple to apply/utilize.
4. It is more likely to be incompatible.	4. It is less likely to be incompatible.
5. Its stability is poor.	5. It has greater stability.
6. It is challenging to transport due to the risk of leakage.	6. It is simple to transport.

Ideal Composition of Shampoo⁵:

· Surfactant

· Antidandruff agents

· Conditioning agents

· Pearlescent agents

· Sequestrants

· Thickening agents

· Colours

· perfumes

· preservatives

Benefits of Herbal Powder Shampoo:

· Supports natural hair growth.

· Encourages healthy hair growth.

· Supports the development of strong and fresh roots.

· Eco-friendly and easily biodegradable. Affordable and budget-friendly.

· Enhances natural shine⁴.

· Animal testing must be completely avoided⁶.

List of Plants:

1. AMLA

Common Name^18,19: Indian Gooseberry/Amla

Biological Source^18,19: Phyllanthusemblica Linn. and EmblicaofficinalisGaertn

Family¹⁸: Phyllanthaceae

Chemical Constituents¹⁸: Emblicanin A and B: Emblicanin A makes up 37% and Emblicanin B makes up 33% of the tannins, Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C): 478.56mg/100mL, Gallic acid: The dried fruit pulp contains 1.32% gallic acid, Proteins: The fruit pulp contains 0.5% protein, Carbohydrates: The fruit pulp contains 14.1% carbohydrates, Fiber: The fruit pulp contains 3.4% fiber, Moisture: The fruit pulp contains 81.2% moisture.

Structure¹⁸:

Fig.1: Emblicanin A²⁰

Mechanism of Action¹⁸: The 5α-reductase inhibition assay and hair growth–enhancing effects were evaluated using rat liver microsomal suspension, with comparisons made to finasteride and minoxidil. Histological analysis of dorsal skin was carried out to determine hair follicle activity. The findings revealed a strong 5α-reductase inhibitory action along with significant hair growth–promoting potential.

Uses¹⁸: Specific Ailments: It is used for conditions such as diabetes, jaundice, inflammation, anemia, and various skin diseases. Hair and Skin: It is used as a hair tonic to promote growth and pigmentation and to prevent premature greying. It also has anti-aging properties.

2. HENNA

Common Name²¹: Henna

Biological Source²¹: The natural leaves of the plant. The plant's scientific name is

LaoosoniaInermis

Family²¹: Lythraceae

Chemical Constituent²²: Tannin: 11.12%, Fat: 6% and Resin: 2-3%

Structure:

Fig.2: Lawsone²³

Mechanism of Action²¹: Natural dyes, like henna, work by binding forming a coating on the outside of the hair shaft. This process adds thickness to the hair and provides a semi-permanent color. Regularly using the dye can improve the hair's strength and shine.

Uses²¹: It is traditionally used as a hair dye for coloring and for promoting hair health. Henna can also soften hair, reduce premature graying, and support overall hair health due to its protein and antioxidant content.

3. Shikakai:

Common Name²⁴: Shikakai

Biological Source²⁴: The Fabaceae (or pea) family includes the plant Acacia concinna, from which various parts, specifically the bark, leaves, seeds, and dried pods, are collected and utilized.

Family²⁴: Leguminosae (Fabaceae)

Chemical Constituent²⁴: Shikakai contains a variety of phytochemicals, including tannins, saponins, flavonoids, vitamins, minerals, as well as alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and terpenoids.

Structure:

Fig.3: Saponin²

Mechanism of Action²⁵: Antifungal activity: Shikakai contains bioactive compounds that exhibit antifungal effects, particularly against Malassezia species responsible for dandruff.

Scalp cleansing: The natural saponins in shikakai act as effective surfactants, helping to remove excess sebum and impurities from the scalp

Use²⁴: Soothing properties: Its anti-inflammatory nature may help relieve scalp irritation, itching, and discomfort associated with dandruff.

4. Bhirngraj:

Common Name^27,28: Bhringraj

Biological source^27,28: The biological source is the plant Eclipta albaleaves

Family²⁶: Asteraceae

Chemical Constituents²⁷: flavonoids- The primary flavonoids found include apigenin, luteolin, luteolin-7-glucoside, and orobol. alkaloids-The primary alkaloids found in E. alba leaves include (20S) -(25S)-22,26-imino-cholesta-5,22(N)-dien-3β-ol (verazine, 3). Phenolic acid- E. alba contains phenolic acids such as protocatechuic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Its main sesquiterpene lactones include 5-hydroxymethyl-(2,2’:5’,2”)-terthienyltiglate, 5-hydroxymethyl-(2,2’:5’,2”)-terthienylagelate.

Structure:

Fig.4: Apegenin²

Mechanism of Action²⁷: Hair Growth Promotion: topical application of the plant's extract leads to prominent follicular hypertrophy and an increase in the number of follicular keratinocytes in the basal epidermal and matrix cells, which supports hair growth.

Uses²⁷: Hair Care: It is known as the "King of Hair" and is used to enhance hair growth, strength, and blackening. It also treats hair problems like hair fall, dandruff, premature greying, and baldne.

5. Tulsi:

Common Name³⁰: Tulsi, Holy Basil, or Sacred Basil.

Biological Source^30,31: Ocimum sanctum L., which is a member of the Lamiaceae family.

Family³⁰: Lamiaceae

Chemical Constituents³⁰: Leaf Volatile Oil: Contains eugenol, euginal (eugenic acid), carvacrol, linalool, caryophyllene, and methyl carvicol (estragol). Seeds: The volatile oil of the seed contains fatty acids and sitosterol, while the seed mucilage has sugars and anthocyans. Leaves and Stems: Contain saponins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannins. Phenolic Compounds: Rosmarinic acid, apigenin, cirsimaritin, isothymusin, and isothymonin are present and exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Structure:

Fig.5: Carvacrol³²

Mechanism of Action³⁰: Anti-inflammatory: Rosmarinic acid, apigenin, and especially eugenol are responsible for its anti-inflammatory properties. Adaptogenic: Eugenol, caryoph yllene, ursolic acid, and oleanolic acid help control mood swings, promote mental clarity, and reduce corticosterone levels, which are the primary cause of stress. Antibacterial: Carvacrol, terpene, and Sesquiterpene B-caryophyllene are antibacterial agents that help keep the body safe from illness-causing bacteria.

Uses³⁰: Stress and Headaches: Regarded as an "adaptogen" or anti-stress agent, its leaves can be chewed twice daily to help prevent stress. A decoction of the leaves or a paste made with sandalwood can be applied to the forehead for headache relief.

6. Reetha:

Common Name³³: Soapnut, Soapberry, and Washnut.

Biological Source³³: Sapindus Mukorossi, which is a medicinal plant often found in the hilly regions of India and in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia.

Family³³: Sapindaceae

Chemical Constituent³⁴: Friut: Saponins- 10–11.5%, sugars and mucus -10%, Seeds contain trifolioside A, sapindiside C, D, E, glucopyranoside of stigmasterol, kaempferol, quercetin, B-sitosterol, hederagenin, proteins, carbohydrates and starch.

Structure:

Fig.6: β-sitosterol³

Mechanism of Action³³: The surfactant properties of this plant are highly desirable because they enable it to serve as a natural, plant-based substitute for synthetic surfactants in a wide range of commercial and industrial applications. Reetha (in the form of powder or organicextracts) is a well-established, primary ingredient in many herbal and natural products, including shampoos, bath soaps, hair dyes, body-care lotions, and fabric washing detergents. The biosurfactant extracts obtained from Sapindus can be effectively substituted for synthetic surfactants in commercial formulations like shampoos, soaps, and other cosmetic products.

Uses³³: Shampoos and detergents. The plant's biosurfactant extracts are used in products such as shampoos, soaps, and other cosmetics. Reetha is a key ingredient in herbal products like bath soaps, hair dyes, shampoos, and body-care lotions. Additionally, the fruit extract has been shown to have antifertility, antihyperlipidemic (cholesterol-lowering), and antimicrobial properties.

7. Hibiscus

Common Name³⁶: Hibiscus

Biological Source³⁶: The biological source of hibiscus used for hair care is typically Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, a flowering plant belonging to the Malvaceae family.

Family³⁶: Malvaceae

Chemical Constituents³⁶:

PhenolsAlkaloids, Tannins, flavonoids, saponins, mucilage, vitamins (like vitamins A and C), and amino acids, which are beneficial for hair health.

Structure:

Fig.7: Vitamin C³

MechanismofAction³⁶: FollicleStimulation: It extends the anagen, or growth, phase of the hair cycle and stimulates the proliferation of hair-forming cells (keratinocytes and dermal papilla cells).Enzyme Inhibition: Hibiscus contains compounds that can inhibit the 5-alpha-reductase enzyme, which is associated with hair loss, particularly in cases of androgenetic alopecia.Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects: Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties protect hair follicles from damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation, creating a healthier environment for hair to grow.Improved Blood Circulation: The extracts from the flowers and leaves can increase microcirculation in the scalp, ensuring that hair follicles receive essential nutrients and oxygen.Keratin Production: The amino acids in hibiscus act as building blocks for keratin, the protein that makes up hair. This helps strengthen hair strands, reduce breakage, and promote thicker hair.

Uses³⁶: Hibiscus has multiple beneficial effects on hair health. Its rich antioxidant content, including flavonoids and polyphenols like quercetin and anthocyanins, helps protect hair follicles from damage and inflammation caused by free radicals. This can prevent stress-related aging and hair loss. Additionally, the plant's phytochemicals, such as saponins, flavonoids, and tannins, have antimicrobial properties that can fight against dandruff-causing microorganisms, promoting a healthy scalp. Hibiscus also acts as a natural conditioner due to its mucilage content. When used in hair products, it can hydrate hair, making it softer, shinier, and improving its texture and moisture retention.

8. Neem:

Common Name³⁸: Neem

Biological Source³⁸: The biological source is the tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss.

Family³⁸: Meliaceae

Chemical Constituent³⁸: Azadirachtin A-G (found in leaves) Salannin, nimbin, gedunin, nimbidin, and nimbolide. Flavonoids, rutin, quercetin, carotenoids, and tannins. Neem kernels are noted to have an oil content of 30-50%

Structure:

Fig.8: Nimbidin^³

Mechanism of Action³⁸: Antifungal: Some triterpenoids from Neem oil show a synergistic effect against fungi when combined, even if they have little activity individually.Antimicrobial: Some compounds like nimbolide and nimbidin exhibit antibacterial activity.

Psoriasis: Nimbidin, a secondary metabolite, may inhibit prostaglandin synthetase to help treat psoriasis

Uses³⁸: It is used for a variety of cosmetic claims, including anti-acne treatment, skin-whitening, anti-dandruff, and anti-aging effects.

9. Fenugreek:

Common Name⁴⁰: Fenugreek

Biological Source⁴⁰: Fenugreek consists of the dried, ripe seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum

Chemical Constituents⁴¹: Diosgenin: A steroidal sapogenin that is a key component for producing over 60% of all pharmaceutical steroids. Other related sapogenins found in the seeds include yamogenin, gitogenin, tigogenin, and neotigogens. Saponins: 4.8%. Alkaloids: trigonelline, gentianine, and carpaine. Fiber: The seeds are a rich source of fiber and protein. The crude fiber is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose (like pectin), and lignin.

Family⁴⁰: Fabaceae

Structure:

Fig.9: Diosgenin²

Mechanism of Action⁴⁰: Fenugreek is effective against hair loss and baldness because of its nutrient and protein content. It deeply nourishes both the hair and the scalp.

Uses⁴⁰: It helps fight lice and dandruff. It strengthens and softens dry, damaged, and brittle hair and invigoratehair growth. The seeds are used as a cosmetic ingredient in face packs and hair masks. Fenugreek can be combined with other ingredients like rosemary, coconut oil, amla, hibiscus, and egg for hair care.

10. Brahmi:

Common Name⁴³: Thyme-leaved gratiola, Indian pennywort, and water hyssop.

Biological Source⁴³: The biological source of Brahmi is the plant Bacopamonnieri Linn.

Family⁴³: Scrophulariaceae

Chemical Constituent⁴²: Brahmi are saponins, specifically bacosides. Other compounds include alkaloids, flavonoids, phytosterols, and several other phytochemicals.

Structure:

Fig.10: Bacoside

Mechanism of Action⁴⁶: The alcoholic extracts or whole drug formulations of Emblica officinalis, Bacopa monnieri, and Cyperus rotundus demonstrated superior hair growth activity compared to other preparations, evidenced by enlarged follicle size and prolonged anagen phase.

Uses⁴⁶: Brahmi offers several benefits for hair and scalp health, including treating dandruff and related scalp issues, preventing hair loss and split ends, and encouraging hair growth.

CONCLUSION:

Herbal powder shampoos represent a promising and evolving sector of hair care. These products, which are based on traditional knowledge but are now supported by modern science, provide an attractive alternative to traditional liquid shampoos. The combination of plant-based components efficiently cleanses and conditions hair while also treating common scalp issues and having a low environmental impact. Due to rising consumer desire for natural, sustainable, and customized goods, herbal powder shampoos are in a great position to meet future demand since they are long-lasting. They eventually link ancient knowledge with cutting-edge cosmetic research, providing a comprehensive solution for a better hair care regimen and a more environmentally friendly world.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

The writers have no conflicts of interest regarding this investigation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

The authors express their sincere thanks to Dean, Teaching and non-teaching faculty of Dr. Subhash University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India for providing guidance and support to this review work.

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Received on 04.11.2025 Revised on 15.01.2026

Accepted on 19.02.2026 Published on 04.07.2026

Available online from July 18, 2026

Asian J. Pharm. Tech. 2026; 16(3):259-265.

DOI: 10.52711/2231-5713.2026.00037

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Creative Commons License.

Plants	Kingdom	Division	Class	Order	Family	Genus	Species
Amla⁷	Plantae	Angiosperm	Magnoliopsida	Malpighiales	Phyllanthaceae	Phyllanthus	Phyllanthusemblica
Shikakai⁸	Plantae	Angiosperms	Magnoliopsida	Fabales	Fabaceae	Acacia	Acacia concinna
Henna⁹	Plantae	Angiosperms	Magnoliopsida	Myrtales	Lythraceae	Lawsonia	LawsoniaInermis
Bhringraj¹⁰	Plantae	Magnoliophyta	Magnoliopsida	Asterales	Asteraceae	Eclipta	Eclipta Prostrata (syn. E. alba)
Tulsi¹¹	Plantae	Magnoliophyta	Magnoliopsida	Lamiales	Lamiaceae	Ocimum	Sanctum
Reetha¹²	Plantae	Magnoliophyta	Magnoliopsida	Sapindales	Sapindaceae	Sapindus	Trifoliatus
Hibiscus¹³	Plantae	Magnoliophyta	Magnoliopsida	Malvales	Malvaceae	Hibiscus	Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Neem¹⁴	Plantae	Magnoliophyta	Magnoliopsida	Sapindales	Meliaceae	Azadirachea	Azadiracheaindica
Fenugreek¹⁵	Plantae	Magnoliophyta	Magnoliopsida	Fabales	Fabaceae	Trigonella	Trigonella
Harada¹⁶	Plantae	Tracheophyta	Magnoliopsida	Myrtales	Combretaceae	Terminalia	Terminalia chebula (Gaertn.) Retz.
Brahmi¹⁷	Plantae	Tracheophyta	Magnoliopsida	Lamiales	Scrophulariaceae	Bacaopa	B. monnieri